米曲霉高产蛋白酶菌株的选育及在酱油酿造中的应用研究

[目的]筛选蛋白酶活力高的菌株酿造酱油.[方法]通过对沪酿3042米曲霉进行紫外线和LiCl复合诱变, 筛选高产蛋白酶突变株,并对其遗传稳定性和产生的蛋白酶性质进行研究,同时将该突变株应用于酱油酿造试验.[结果]通过诱变得到高产蛋白酶突变株米曲霉UF366, 其蛋白酶活力达1 440 U/g,比对照提高了33.3;.UF366菌株的遗传稳定性好,在pH 7.2,40℃时其中性蛋白酶活力最高;在90℃处理30 min,蛋白酶活力完全丧失.[结论]采用UF366米曲霉发酵的酱油氨基酸态氮和全氮分别为0.637和1.14 g/100 mL,与出发菌株沪酿3042米曲霉相比分别提高了36.7;和39.0;.     

利用大豆浓缩蛋白乳清制备水苏糖的发酵条件

利用酵母对大豆浓缩蛋白乳清进行发酵处理制备水苏糖.在确定最佳起始发酵液的糖度为31.8Brix后,对温度、pH、接种量、装液量等工艺条件进行了单因素试验及正交试验,结果表明最佳发酵条件为:温度32°C,pH5.5,接种量8%,在此发酵条件下利用酵母对大豆浓缩蛋白乳清进行发酵处理48 h,水苏糖的纯度达到了90%,保留率为68%.     

微波技术对大豆蛋白功能特性的影响

研究了微波辐照对大豆功能蛋白（FSP）溶解性、乳化性与起泡性的影响。结果表明，微波辐照能改善FSP溶解度、乳化活性、起泡能力与泡沫稳定性。试验中FSP溶解度可提高343．7％，乳化活性可提高2392．7％，起泡能力可提高196．9％，泡沫稳定性可提高82．76％。     

Use of plant‐based protein concentrates as replacement for fishmeal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared under high stocking density and low salinity conditions

Two feeding trials were conducted to investigate the effect of replacing fishmeal with a combination of soy and corn protein concentrate (1:1 ratio) on growth performance of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A basal diet containing 200 g/kg fishmeal was systematically reduced (200, 150, 100, 50 and 0 g/kg) with protein concentrate on an isonitrogenous basis. Additionally, two diets containing 0 or 50 g/kg fishmeal were supplemented with lysine and methionine to evaluate possible limitations in EAAs. Each diet was randomly fed to five replicate tanks (15 shrimp per 75 L aquaria) reared in an indoor clear water system (Trial 1), or four replicate circular tanks (100 shrimp per 800 L) reared in outdoor green water system (Trial 2). In trial 1, results indicated a slight decrease in shrimp performance as fishmeal was replaced at the highest levels. Meanwhile, the supplementation of lysine and methionine to the diets did not result in shifts in survival, growth or FCR. In trial 2, there were no significant differences in growth performance across the tested diets. This study demonstrated that plant‐based protein concentrates can be used to replace fishmeal in practical shrimp diet in clear and green water under high stocking density.     

Effects of dietary fish oil and soya bean lecithin on gonad index,colour and biochemical composition of the purple sea urchin,Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Stimpson 1857)

The effects of increasing soya bean lecithin (SL) levels (0%, 2% and 4% of diet dry matter, DM) at two fish oil (FO) levels (0% and 3% DM) on gonad index, colour and biochemical composition of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus were evaluated using a 3 × 2 factorial design with six iso‐nitrogenous formulated diets. All diets generated an increase in gonad index of more than 9%. Dietary FO had a positive effect on diet digestibility and accumulation of proteins in the gonad. Soy lecithin did not affect gonad composition, but improved its coloration, decreased gonad feed conversion ratio and increased gonad protein efficiency. There was a clear effect of diets on sea urchins gonad protein, ash and fatty acid content, in particular, decreasing the n‐3/n‐6 ratio associated with a decrease in 20:5n‐3 when SL levels increased. Nevertheless, 22:6n‐3 levels increased by week 12 in all treatments, and diets with SL increased the content of 20:4n‐6 in gonads. A decrease in bitter‐tasting amino acids such as histidine, cysteine, valine and methionine was observed in all treatments with a concomitant increase in isoleucine levels. We recommend using a diet containing 3% of FO and 2% of SL to increase food consumption, diet digestibility, improving marketable gonad colour and an increasing gonad n‐6 fatty acids and C22:6n‐3. In addition, the present study paves the way for future research in the use of FO and SL as an additive in diets for S. purpuratus towards the goal of increasing gonad size and nutritional quality.     

酱卤肉中亚硝酸钠含量的测定

采用盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度计法对酱卤肉中亚硝酸钠含量进行了测定,考查了制样的均匀性、饱和硼砂用量、显色剂新鲜度和标准曲线不同等因素对试验结果产生的影响。结果表明,采用四分法均匀取样粉碎混匀,加入饱和硼砂12.5 mL,沸水浴加热15 min,显色剂现配现用,选用合适的标液,以保证检验结果的准确性。     

Effects of feeding a fish meal‐free soy protein concentrate‐based diet on the growth performance and nutrient utilization of red sea bream (Pagrus major)

Two groups of red sea bream (average body weight 85 g) were fed to satiation fish meal (FM) or FM‐free soy protein concentrate (SPC)‐based diet (FM‐sat and SPC groups respectively). A third group (FM‐pair) was fed the same amount of FM as of SPC fed to SPC‐sat group for 6 weeks. Growth rate of SPC group was significantly slower than of FM‐sat and FM‐pair groups (p < 0.05). Feed conversion ratios of FM‐sat and FM‐pair groups were similar and were better than that of SPC group (p < 0.05). Visceral fat somatic index of SPC group was significantly lower than of the other groups (p < 0.05), while that of the latter two groups were similar. Plasma triglyceride of FM‐sat and FM‐pair groups was similar and lower than the level of SPC group (p < 0.05). Trypsin activity in hepatopancreas of SPC group was significantly lower than that of other groups (p < 0.05). We suggest a low growth of SPC group was not simply related to low‐feed intake. Feeding of a FM‐free SPC‐based diet may reduce lipid accumulation and consequently lead to low‐growth performance, in red sea bream.     

过滤介质对大豆浓缩磷脂透明度的影响

以大豆原油为原料,分别选择硅藻土、活性炭、活性白土、豆粕、珍珠岩、木质纤维素、凹凸棒土和膨润土作为过滤介质,对大豆原油过滤除杂,制备大豆浓缩磷脂,研究各种过滤介质对大豆浓缩磷脂透明度的影响,结果表明木质纤维素可以有效去除大豆原油中的杂质,制备得到的大豆浓缩磷脂透明度甚至比食品级大豆浓缩磷脂高。     

聚酰胺多胺环氧氯丙烷树脂大豆胶黏剂制备及性能研究

采用己二酸(AA)、二乙烯三胺、环氧氯丙烷(ECH)合成聚酰胺多胺环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE),将其与大豆蛋白按比例混合制备PAE大豆胶黏剂。在合成预聚体(PA)后,通过单因素试验,探究AA与ECH摩尔比、大豆蛋白添加量对胶合板胶合强度的影响,研究了PAE对大豆蛋白的改性作用及胶接机理。结果表明:在胶黏剂合成过程中AA与ECH摩尔比为1:1.0,大豆蛋白添加量为30%,热压温度为120℃、压力1.0 MPa、热压时间6 min条件下,PAE大豆蛋白胶黏剂胶合强度可达1.02 MPa,满足GB/T 9846-2015Ι类板指标要求。     

洋姜酱加工工艺研究

以洋姜、白砂糖、食盐、白酒为原辅料,通过单因素试验、正交试验及保温试验筛选洋姜酱加工工艺。结果表明,洋姜酱在真空0.09 MPa的条件下浓缩的最佳温度为60℃,最佳浓缩时间为50 min;洋姜酱的最佳发酵时间为66 h;确定复合抗氧化剂的配方为:VC添加量0.10%,柠檬酸添加量0.8%,氯化钙添加量0.4%,在此条件下,洋姜酱的抗褐变能力最佳;发酵前洋姜酱配料添加的最佳配方为:食盐添加量5%,白砂糖添加量3%,白酒添加量1%,按照该配方制备的洋姜酱呈现米白色的酱体,具有洋姜发酵特有的风味,感官品质综合评分为95分。